|
Smoking and health: a physician’s responsibility.
Author: American College of Chest Physicians, American Thoracic Society, Asia Pacific Society
of Respirology, Canadian Thoracic Society, European Respiratory Society, International
Smoking and health: a physician’s responsibility... Read more..
Animal Diseases of Public Health Importance
Author: Gregory D. Orriss
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
The Food and Agriculture Organization's (FAO) interest in emerging diseases caused by foodborne pathogens derives from its role as the leading United Nations agency with a mandate for food quality and safety matters. The Food Quality and Standards Service of FAO's Food and Nutrition Division is active in all areas related to food safety and implements the FAO/World Health Organization Food Standards Program. Its activities include providing assistance to FAO's member nations in addressing problems, strengthening infrastructure, promoting standardization as a means of facilitating trade, and safeguarding the interests of consumers. This paper considers the importance of emerging foodborne diseases from the perspectives of the consumer, international trade in food, producers and processors, and developing countries and addresses prevention and control measures. .. Read more..
Structured education for people with type 2 diabetes
Author: Sean F Dinneen
Effective self management is the cornerstone of good care for people with diabetes. High quality structured education that prepares people for a lifetime with the condition is a key enabler of self management. .. Read more..
Source of Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease outside United Kingdom
Author: Pascual Sanchez-Juan,*† Simon N. Cousens,‡ Robert G. Will,§ and Cornelia M. van Duijn*
*Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; †University Hospital "Marqués de Valdecilla," Santander, Spain; ‡London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK; and §Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
We studied the occurrence of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) outside the United Kingdom in relation to the incidence of indigenous bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and to the level of live bovines and bovine products imported from the UK during the 1980s and the first half of the 1990s. Our study provides evidence that a country's number of vCJD cases correlates with the number of live bovines it imported from the UK from 1980 to 1990 (Spearman rank correlation coefficient [rs] 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.42–0.89, p<0.001). Similar correlations were observed with the number of indigenous BSE cases (rs 0.70, 95% CI 0.37–0.87, p = 0.001) and carcass meat imported from the UK from 1980 to 1996 (rs 0.75, 95% CI 0.45–0.89; p<0.001) Bovine imports from the UK may have been an important source of human exposure to BSE and may have contributed to the global risk for disease... Read more..
Ecologic Immunology of Avian Influenza (H5N1) in Migratory Birds
Author: Thomas P. Weber* and Nikolaos I. Stilianakis*†
*Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy; and †University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
The claim that migratory birds are responsible for the long-distance spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of subtype H5N1 rests on the assumption that infected wild birds can remain asymptomatic and migrate long distances unhampered. We critically assess this claim from the perspective of ecologic immunology, a research field that analyzes immune function in an ecologic, physiologic, and evolutionary context. Long-distance migration is one of the most demanding activities in the animal world. We show that several studies demonstrate that such prolonged, intense exercise leads to immunosuppression and that migratory performance is negatively affected by infections. These findings make it unlikely that wild birds can spread the virus along established long-distance migration pathways. However, infected, symptomatic wild birds may act as vectors over shorter distances, as appears to have occurred in Europe in early 2006... Read more..
U of M reaches milestone in diabetes research using pig islets
Research offers hope to increase islet supply to cure type 1 diabetes.. Read more..
Severe Hypoglycemia is Rare After Islet Transplantation
Episodes of dangerously low blood glucose, or hypoglycemia, were greatly reduced in people who received an islet transplant for poorly controlled type 1 diabetes, according to an analysis of outcomes in 138 patients who had the procedure at 19 medical centers in the United States and Canada. This is one of the conclusions of the Collaborative Islet Transplant Registry (CITR), which tracks many factors affecting the success of this experimental procedure in people with severe type 1 diabetes. The CITR, funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), released its second annual report.. Read more..
CHRONIC STRESS CAN INTERFERE WITH NORMAL FUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM, SUGGESTS NEW RESEARCH
May Increase Susceptibility To Inflammatory Diseases Such As Allergic, Autoimmune Or Cardiovascular Diseases.. Read more..
Error Management: Theory and Application in Transfusion Medicine at a Tertiary-Care Institution
Author: S. Breanndan Moore, MD; Mary L. Foss, BA
.. Read more..
HIV accessory protein disables host immunity via receptor-protein intermediary
Researchers discovered that an HIV-1 accessory protein called Vpr destroys the host cell's ability to survive by binding to a host receptor. This, in turn, keeps an important enzyme from activating the cell's immune system.. Read more..
|
